Multilingual Illustrated DVD [Tutorial]
The Biology of Prenatal Development
BAYOLOJIYADA KORITAANKA DHALASHADA KA HOR
Somali
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Table of Contents
- THE EMBRYONIC PERIOD (THE FIRST 8 WEEKS)
-
- EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT: THE FIRST 4 WEEKS
-
- Chapter 3 – Fertilization
- Chapter 4 – DNA, Cell Division, and Early Pregnancy Factor (EPF)
- Chapter 5 – Early Stages (Morula and Blastocyst) and Stem Cells
- Chapter 6 – 1 to 1 1/2 Weeks: Implantation and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
- Chapter 7 – The Placenta and Umbilical Cord
- Chapter 8 – Nutrition and Protection
- Chapter 9 – 2 to 4 Weeks: Germ Layers and Organ Formation
- Chapter 10 – 3 to 4 Weeks: The Folding of the Embryo
- EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT: 4 TO 6 WEEKS
-
- Chapter 11 – 4 Weeks: Amniotic Fluid
- Chapter 12 – The Heart in Action
- Chapter 13 – Brain Growth
- Chapter 14 – Limb Buds and Skin
- Chapter 15 – 5 Weeks: Cerebral Hemispheres
- Chapter 16 – Major Airways
- Chapter 17 – Liver and Kidneys
- Chapter 18 – Yolk Sac and Germ Cells
- Chapter 19 – Hand Plates and Cartilage
- EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT: 6 TO 8 WEEKS
-
- Chapter 20 – 6 Weeks: Motion and Sensation
- Chapter 21 – The External Ear and Blood Cell Formation
- Chapter 22 – The Diaphragm and Intestines
- Chapter 23 – Hand Plates and Brainwaves
- Chapter 24 – Nipple Formation
- Chapter 25 – Limb Development
- Chapter 26 – 7 Weeks: Hiccups and Startle Response
- Chapter 27 – The Maturing Heart
- Chapter 28 – Ovaries and Eyes
- Chapter 29 – Fingers and Toes
- THE 8-WEEK EMBRYO
- THE FETAL PERIOD (8 WEEKS THROUGH BIRTH)
-
- Chapter 37 – 9 Weeks: Swallows, Sighs, and Stretches
- Chapter 38 – 10 Weeks: Rolls Eyes and Yawns, Fingernails & Fingerprints
- Chapter 39 – 11 Weeks: Absorbs Glucose and Water
- Chapter 40 – 3 to 4 Months (12 to 16 Weeks): Taste Buds, Jaw Motion, Rooting Reflex, Quickening
- Chapter 41 – 4 to 5 Months (16 to 20 Weeks): Stress Response, Vernix Caseosa, Circadian Rhythms
- Chapter 42 – 5 to 6 Months (20 to 24 Weeks): Responds to Sound; Hair and Skin; Age of Viability
- Chapter 43 – 6 to 7 Months (24 to 28 Weeks): Blink-Startle; Pupils Respond to Light; Smell and Taste
- Chapter 44 – 7 to 8 Months (28 to 32 Weeks): Sound Discrimination, Behavioral States
- Chapter 45 – 8 to 9 Months (32 to 36 Weeks): Alveoli Formation, Firm Grasp, Taste Preferences
- Chapter 46 – 9 Months to Birth (36 Weeks through Birth)
The Fetal Period (8 Weeks through Birth)
Chapter 37 9 Weeks: Swallows, Sighs, and Stretches
Xilliga uurjiifku wuxu
soconayaa illaa dhalashada.
Usbuuca 9ka, waxa
bilaabanaya suul nuugid
uurjiifku wuxu liqi karaa
dareeraha amniyoon-ka.
Uurjiifku wuxu kaloo
qabsan karaa shay,
dhaqaajin karaa madaxa
horay iyo gadaal,
karaa fur xirna qalka, dhaqaaji carrabka,
neef jiid siina daa is kala bixina.
Dareemeyaasha dhammaadka ah ee wajiga, calaacasha gacanta, iyo cagta cad waxay dareemi karaan taabasho khafiifa.
"Isagoo ka jawabaya taabasho khafiifa ee cagta cad," uurjiifku wuxu soo laabayaa sinta iyo jilbka wuxuna laabi karayaa suulka.
Dareemeyaasha dhammaadka ah ee wajiga, calaacasha gacanta, iyo cagta cad waxay dareemi karaan taabasho khafiifa.
"Isagoo ka jawabaya taabasho khafiifa ee cagta cad," uurjiifku wuxu soo laabayaa sinta iyo jilbka wuxuna laabi karayaa suulka.
Baalasha indhuhu haatan way
xiran yihiin dhammaan.
Ka soo bixidda qaybta hore ee
hunguriga cad, seedaha codka
waxay calaamadinaysaa bilowga
horumaridda xarigga codka.
Uurjiifka dheddiga, minka
waa la aqoonsan karayaa
unugyo taran aan dhammeystirneyna,
lagu magacaabo uugoniya,
waxay ku tarmayaan ukumo-galeenka
gudihiisa.
Xubnaha sinjiga ee dibedda waxa bilaabaneyso in ay u kala soocmaan lab iyo dheddig ahaan midkood.
Xubnaha sinjiga ee dibedda waxa bilaabaneyso in ay u kala soocmaan lab iyo dheddig ahaan midkood.
Chapter 38 10 Weeks: Rolls Eyes and Yawns, Fingernails & Fingerprints
9ka iyo 10ka usbuuca dhexdooda
koriimadu kor bay u sii booddaa
waxay ku siyaadisaa misaanka
jirka 75% ka kor.
Usbuuca 10ka, xoodinta
baalasha kore ee indhaha
waxay sababaysaa isha
oo hoos u roganta.
Uurjiifku wuu halaaqoodaa marar badanna afkuu furaa xiraana.
Uurjiifku wuu halaaqoodaa marar badanna afkuu furaa xiraana.
Uurjiifyada badankoodu waxay
nuugaan suulka midigta.
Qaybo xiidmo ku jira xarigga xuddunta waxay u noqonayaan saabka caloosha.
Qaybo xiidmo ku jira xarigga xuddunta waxay u noqonayaan saabka caloosha.
Lafaha badankooda waxa ka socda lafoobid.
Ciddiyaha faraha iyo ciddiyaha suulasha
ayaa bilaabaya inay sameysmaan.
Raadfaro khaasa wuxu muuqdaa usbuuca 10ka
kulanka unugyada labka iyo dheddiga kadib.
Naqshadahaan waxa loo isticmali karaa
aqoonsi inta la nolyahay oo dhan.
Chapter 39 11 Weeks: Absorbs Glucose and Water
Usbuuca 11ka
sanka iyo faruryuhu si dhan
bay u sameysan yihiin.
Sida midkasta ee qaybaha
kale ee jirka,
muuqaalkoodu wuu isbeddeli
doonaa heerkasta
ee meerteysiga nolosha
benii aadamka.
Xiidmuhu waxay bilaabayaan inay
dhuuqaan glukoose iyo biyo
uurjiifku liqay.
Inkastoo jinsigu ku qeexan yahay
kulanka unugyada labka iyo dheddiga,
xubnaha jinsiga haatan
waxa loo kala sooci karaa
lab ama dheddig ahaan.
Chapter 40 3 to 4 Months (12 to 16 Weeks): Taste Buds, Jaw Motion, Rooting Reflex, Quickening
Usbuucyada 11ka iyo 12ka dhexdooda,
miisaanku uurjiifku wuxu
kordhaa 60% ku dhawaad.
Laba iyo toban usbuuc waa astaanta dhammaadka saddex daloolka, ama saddex-biloodlaha koowaad ee uurka.
Laba iyo toban usbuuc waa astaanta dhammaadka saddex daloolka, ama saddex-biloodlaha koowaad ee uurka.
Unugyo dhadhamo kala duwan ayaa
ku yaal afka gudihiisa haatan.
Goorta dhashada unugyada dhadhamadu
waxay ku hari doonaan
oo keliya carrabka iyo dhanxanagga.
Dhaqdhaqaaqa wax saaridda qabsinnadu wuxu
bilaabanayaa ugu horreyntii usbuuca 12ka
wuxuna soconayaa taqriiban 6 usbuuc.
Walaxa ugu horryentii ka soo baxa uurjiifku iyo malawadka hadda-dhalayga waxa lagu magacaabaa mal. Wuxu ka sameysan yahay ensaymes dheefshiideed, brotiin, iyo unugyo dhintay oo uu iska soo saaray dheefshiid mareenku.
Walaxa ugu horryentii ka soo baxa uurjiifku iyo malawadka hadda-dhalayga waxa lagu magacaabaa mal. Wuxu ka sameysan yahay ensaymes dheefshiideed, brotiin, iyo unugyo dhintay oo uu iska soo saaray dheefshiid mareenku.
Usbuuca 12ka, dhererka
addinka hore
wuxu ku dhawaad gaaray qiyaastiisu
ugu dambeysay ee jirka.
Addimada hoose waxay
qaatan in ka dheer
si ay u gaaraan qiyastooda
ugu dambaysta ah.
Marka laga reebo dhabarka
iyo madaxa korkiisa,
dhammaan jirka uurjiifku haatan wuxu
ka jawaabaa taabasho fudud.
Farqiyada koritaanka
ku saleysan sinjiga
waxay soo baxayaan
marka ugu horreyso.
Tusaale, uurjiifyada dheddiga waxay
muujiyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa qalka
in ka badan kan labka.
Si ka soo horjeedo jawabtii hore
lo arkay ee dib-u-gurashada
Xoodin afka agtiisa
waxay haatan dhalinaysaa,
u jeesasho dhinaa xoodinta
iyo furitaan afka.
Jawaabtani waxa la yiraahdaa
"jawaan-celin automaatik ah ee raadin"
waxayna sii socotaa dhalashada kadib,
ka caawintaa hadda-dhaleyga helidda
ibta hooyadiisa/hooyadeed
waqtiga nuujinta.
Wajigu wuxu sii wadayaa inuu weynaado
iyadoo ay baruur kayd ah ku
bilaabaneyso inay buuxiso camanka
sameysmidda ilkuhuna
way bilaabaneysaa.
Usbuuca 15ka, waxa imaanaya unugyada
taranka dhiig-sameynta
waxayna ku badanayaan dhuuxa.
Sameysmidda unugyada dhiigga badankoodu
waxay ka dhici doontaa halkaan.
Inkastoo dhaqdhaqaaqu ku bilowdo
embriyaha usbuuca 6da,
naagta uurka leh waxay horta
dareemeysaa dhaqdhaqaaqa uurjiifka
usbuuca 14ka iyo
usbuuca 18ka dhexdooda.
Sida dhaqanka ah, dhacdadan waxaa
lagu wacay dhaqsad.
Chapter 41 4 to 5 Months (16 to 20 Weeks): Stress Response, Vernix Caseosa, Circadian Rhythms
Usbuuca 16ka, qaabyada falgalka
ay ka mid tahay ugu gelin
uurjiifka cirbad caloosha
waxay keenaan jawaab
hormoon cadaadis
ku sii deynaya noradrenaliin,
ama norebinefriin, dhiigga socda.
Hadda-dhaleygu iyo qaangaarku waxay
ka muujiyaan jawabo isu eg
qaababka falgallada jirka gudihiisa.
Qaabka nefsashada,
geedka bronki-ga wuxu ku
dhaw yahay dhammeystir.
Walax cad oo badbaado ah,
lagu magacaabo ferniks kaseosa,
ayaa ku dheehan uurjiifka.
Ferniks waxay ka
badbaadinaysaa maqaarka
saameyn oo xajiimeyn ah
ee dareeraha amniyoonka.
Min usbuuca 19ka dhaqdhaqaaqa
uurjiifku, hawlaha neefshadu,
iyo qaddarka garaacidda wadnahu
waxay bilaabayaan inay
raacaan meerteysi maalmeedle ah
oo lagu magacaabo garaaca kirkeydiyanka.
Chapter 42 5 to 6 Months (20 to 24 Weeks): Responds to Sound; Hair and Skin; Age of Viability
Usbuuca 20ka kokliya,
oo ah xubinta maqalka,
waxay ku dhex gaartay
qiyaasta ruuxa qaangaarka
dhegta gudaha ku sii jirta
oo si dhammeystiran u korsan.
Haatan wixi ka dambeeya,
uurjiifku wuxu ka jawaabi doonaa
shanqaro kala duwan oo kordhaya.
Timo ayaa bilaabanaya inay ka
soo baxaan maqaarka madaxa.
Dhammaan lakabyada iyo qaababka maqaarku waa jiraan, ay ka mid yihiin jiridda timaha iyo qanjirrada.
Dhammaan lakabyada iyo qaababka maqaarku waa jiraan, ay ka mid yihiin jiridda timaha iyo qanjirrada.
Usbuuca 21ka illaa 22da kulanka
unugyada labka iyo dheddiga kadib,
sanbabadu waxay yeelanayaan
xoogaa karti hawo neefsasho.
Tan waxa lagu tiriyaa
waqtiga taabagalka
maxayeelay ku noolaansho
caloosha dibaddeeda
waxay u noqoneysaa nuurtagal
uurjiifyada qaar.
Horumar dheer isdabajooga
ee caafimaadka
ayaa suurtagal ka dhigay
tiirinta nolosha
dhallanka dhasha xilligii ka hor.
Chapter 43 6 to 7 Months (24 to 28 Weeks): Blink-Startle; Pupils Respond to Light; Smell and Taste
Usbuuca 24ka baalasha indhuhu
dib bay u furmaan
uurjiifkuna wuxu muujinayaa jawab
indho ka bligsiin yaabsan.
Jawaabtan shanqarta kadiska, dheer
waxay si khaasa ay dhaqsi ugu
horumartaa uurjiifka dheddiga ah.
Dhowr baareyaal ayaa tebiyay
in maqashiin shanqar dheer
ay si xun u saameyn karto
caafimaadka uurjiifka.
islamarkiiba waxyaabaha ay sababeyso
waxa ka mida qaddarka garaacidda
wadnaha oo kordha waqti sii dheer,
liqidda uurjiifka oo xaad-dhaaf ah,
iyo dhaqan isbeddello kadis ah.
Waxyaabaha ay sababeyso muddada dheer oo
suurtagalka ah waxa ka mida dhego beel.
Qaddarka neefsashada uurjiifka
waxay kor u kici kartaa
meerteysi ah illaa iyo 44
neefjiidid-neefsaarid daqiiqadiiba.
Saddex biloodlaha saddexaad
ee uurka gudihiisa,
maskaxda oo si degdeg ah u koraysa
ayaa isticmaasha 50% tamarta
uu isticmaalo uurjiifku.
Miisaanka maskaxdu wuxu
kordhaa 400 illaa 500%.
Usbuuca 26ka indhuhu waxay
sameynayaan illin.
Isha birteeduna waxay ka jawabtaa iftiinka ugu horreyntii usbuuca 27da. Jawaabtani waxay qiyaaseysaa qaddarka iftiinka gaaraya shabakadda inta la noolyahay.
Isha birteeduna waxay ka jawabtaa iftiinka ugu horreyntii usbuuca 27da. Jawaabtani waxay qiyaaseysaa qaddarka iftiinka gaaraya shabakadda inta la noolyahay.
Dhammaan qaybaha looga baahan yahay
si uu u shaqeeyo dareenka
uurka waa shaqeynayaan.
Daraasooyinka hadda-dhalleyga
waqtiga ka hor dhashaa
waxay caddeeyeen kartida
dareenka uurka
ugu horreyntii usbuuca 26ka kulanka
unugyada labka iyo dheddiga kadib.
Walax macaan oo la dhexgeliyo dareeraha amniyoonka waxay kordhinaysaa qaddarka liqidda uurjiifka. Lidkeeda, liqidda uurjiifka oo isdhinta waxay ku timaada walax kharaar oo lagu daro. Waxa marar badan daba socota muuqalka wajiga oo isbeddela.
Walax macaan oo la dhexgeliyo dareeraha amniyoonka waxay kordhinaysaa qaddarka liqidda uurjiifka. Lidkeeda, liqidda uurjiifka oo isdhinta waxay ku timaada walax kharaar oo lagu daro. Waxa marar badan daba socota muuqalka wajiga oo isbeddela.
Isago sameynayo dhaqaaq lugo
taxane ah la moodo tallaabo
u eg socod, uurjiifku wuxu
sameeyaa qaalmo rogad.
Uurjiifka wuxu u muuqdaa in
duuduubku ka yaraaday
maadaama ay ku sameysmeyso baruur kayd
ah oo dheeraad aha , maqaarla hoostiisa.
Baruurtu waxay kaalin muhiim ah
ka qaadataa xafididda kulka jirka
iyo tamar keydinta dhalashada kadib.
Chapter 44 7 to 8 Months (28 to 32 Weeks): Sound Discrimination, Behavioral States
Usbuuca 28da uurjiifku
wuxu kala saari karaa
heerka dhawaaqa sare
iyo heerka gaaban.
Usbuuca 30ka, dhaqdhaqaaqyo
neefsashadu waa caadi
waxayna ka dhacaan 30 illa
40% ee waqtiga uurjiifka caadiga ah.
4ta bilood ee uurka ugu
dambeysa gudahooda,
uurjiifku wuxu soo bandhigayaa
xilliyo hawlo isku-duwan
ay ku dhex jiraan xilliyo nasasho.
Xaaladahaan dhaqameed
waxa ka muuqda isku-dhafnaan hore
u sii kordheysa ee qaabka dareenka dhexe.
Chapter 45 8 to 9 Months (32 to 36 Weeks): Alveoli Formation, Firm Grasp, Taste Preferences
Taqriiban usbuuca 32da,
Alfiyoli run ah,
ama unugyo hawo "ka buuxdo" ,
ayaa bilaabmaya inay
ku sameysmaan sanbabada.
Waxay sii wadi doonaan inay sameysmaan
illaa 8 sano dhalashada kadib.
Usbuuca 35ka uurjiifku wuxu leeyahay
gacan wax ku qabsasho adag.
Uurjiifka oo la kulma
walaxyo kala duwan
waxay u egtahay inay saameyso
kala doorbidid dhadhamo.
Tusaale, uurjiifyo hooyadood
cuni jirtay anise,
walaxa siiya likorays dhadhankeeda,
waxay mujiiyeen doorbidid
anise dhalashada kadib.
Hadda-dhaleyga aan hore ula
kulmin ma jecla anise.
Chapter 46 9 Months to Birth (36 Weeks through Birth)
Uurjiifka wuxu bilaabayaa fool
isagoo sii daayo in badan ee
hormoonka lagu magacaabo estrogen
waxana sida ku bilaabanaya kala-guurka
min uurjiif illaa hadda-dhaley.
Foosha caalamad u ah isku-ururid iyo kala-bixid ee minka, oo keenta cunug dhalidda.
Foosha caalamad u ah isku-ururid iyo kala-bixid ee minka, oo keenta cunug dhalidda.
Min kulanka unugyada labka iyo
dhiddigga illaa dhalashada iya ka shishe,
koritaanka benii aadamku waa firfircoon
yahay, waa isdabajoog waana iskudhaf adag.
Waxyaabo cusub oo laga ogaaday
hawlgalkaan cajiibka leh
waxay si istaraysa u muujinayaan
muhiimadda saameynta koridda uurjiifku
ku yeelaneyso caafimaadka
nolosha oo dhan.
Sida fahamkeenna koritaanka hore ee benii aadamka u sii horumarayo, sidaa si le'eg ayay u horumari doontaa kartideenna inan sare u qaadno caafimaadka dhalashada kahor iyo kadibba.
Sida fahamkeenna koritaanka hore ee benii aadamka u sii horumarayo, sidaa si le'eg ayay u horumari doontaa kartideenna inan sare u qaadno caafimaadka dhalashada kahor iyo kadibba.